New Castle Delaware

Fort Delaware

Past pain and misery, violence, survivor
guilt and death are the causes of current paranormal activity.

Other spirits hang around because of other reasons
and are not ready to go just yet.

DESCRIPTION

Fort Delaware, located in Fort Delaware State Park is a well-built, pentagonal-shaped military fortress, complete with a dungeon. Besides being constructed as a defense fort, the fort also was a prison for pirates, privateers, political prisoners, and deserters. However, it is mostly known for Housing Confederate POWs during the Civil War, and was used as part of the coastal defense networks of World War 1 and World War 2.

Fort Delaware is made of gneiss, granite, brick and cement. It’s design has not only beauty in mind, but adds structural ideas to evenly distribute the mass weight of the structure to avoid putting too much pressure on any one spot of the foundation. Well-placed arches are an example of this forward-thinking design.

On each point of this pentagon-shaped fort are where artillery batteries of cannons and guns were located in a fixed fortification, for coastal or frontier defends. “They were usually organized with between six and twelve ordnance pieces, often including cannon and howitzers. By the late 19th century “battery” had come to mean cannons and all the support guns needed for these embattlements.”

Like a self-contained aircraft carrier, Fort Delaware was a self-contained very small city that had all the services and areas needed by those who were stationed here or being forced to be guests of the Federal Government. Fort Delaware State Park is a Center of Historic Civil War interpretation. What makes it all very interesting is that there are reenactors dressed as Civil War soldiers and workers who are going about their duties here. Visitors can watch a blacksmith at work, help a laundress, take part in the firing of a gunpowder charge of an 8-inch gun, etc.

On the Fort Delaware Tour, the visitors can see all the areas that existed here for daily living. Prisoner barracks, mess hall, officer’s kitchen, ordnance room area, officers quarters, Dungeon and west end of Endicott section of fort are areas that are very interesting indeed; especially with the reenactors are doing their jobs. These are the same places where the Ghost Tours are held, in September and October. Diamond State Ghost Investigators lead three types of tours: An Extended Tour, a Three House Tour and a Skeptics Tour.

Another favorite event every year in May is the “Escape from Fort Delaware Triathlon!” Participants run along the same path used by the Fort’s 52 Civil War prisoners who managed to break out and swim across the river.

HISTORY

Pea Patch Island, located just across the river from New Jersey, was first used as a private hunting ground by a New Jersey resident Dr. Henry Gale as it was deeded to him through the state of New Jersey. In 1794, Pea Patch Island was discovered by a French military engineer, Pierre Charles L’Enfant who was surveying land for possible military defense sites.

Seeing this island as the perfect site for a defensive fort, the United States Army offered Dr. Henry Gale 30,000 dollars, which was a boatload of money at this time. Dr. Gale refused to sell as it was the principle of the thing. So, the determined men of the Army went to the state of Delaware who agreed and claimed the entire Delaware River and all the islands that exit there, that are “within a twelve mile circle around New Castle’s Court House.”

The Delaware Legislature passed an act that gave Pea Pod Island to the Federal Government who seized the island from Dr. Henry Gale via imminent domaine. In 1838, a descendant of Dr Gale, James Humphrey of New Jersey challenged Delaware’s right to the island. After making the Circuit Court rounds, there were two different rulings that contradicted each other. President Polk suggested the use of an arbitrator.

“John Sergeant was appointed arbitrator, and in late 1847 heard arguments from the United States team;(represented by Senators John M. Clayton and James A. Bayard, Jr.) and James Humphrey’s team: (represented by former Secretary of War John Eaton and former Secretary of the Treasury George M. Bibb). On January 15, 1848, John Sergeant ruled that the island had belonged to the state of Delaware and therefore the title given to the United States government was valid.”

In other words, Delaware had the right to claim the island and that New Jersey had no right to deed Delaware’s island to anyone.

The first fort that was designed to be in a star shape had a rough start in 1819-1824 because the builders didn’t understand the challenges of building on marshy land. The piles were improperly installed and the marshy land was a big hindrance. 43,000 bricks started to crack so they all had to be taken down. Finally a fort was built that worked, until a fire in 1831 burned it to rubble. This rubble didn’t go to waste as it was used to reinforce the sea wall that went around the island of Pea Pod.

In 1848, the new irregular pentagon-shaped fort was started, under the direction of highly skilled French engineers who understood what was needed to build on marshy land. When Fort Delaware was finished, it was a solid structure; ready to serve forever! It was basically finished in 1860, just in time for the Civil War. The focus of the building plan during the Civil War was bringing in the guns and cannons.

Confederate soldiers captured at Gettysburg were the first southern guests at Fort Delaware. Just North of the Delaware Fort, their L shaped Barracks were built, along with barracks built for Union soldiers that were stationed at the fort. There was a hospital also built that treated all soldiers; Union and Confederate. The soldiers were fed twice a day, with enough untasty, not the greatest food to keep them alive. Fruits and vegetables were not available to them.

If a Confederate soldier could prove that he was drafted, he was allowed to take an oath of loyalty to the Union and be part of the 1st Delaware Heavy Artillery, to help defend the fort against attack. Captain Ahl had obtained permission from the War Department to form this battery of ex-Confederate soldiers.

Confederate privates and non-commissioned officers lived in these L-shaped barracks, while officers and commanders were kept inside the Fort where food and living conditions were of higher quality.

While they were basically treated as human beings, as long as they followed the rules, there were big health hazards here. What killed some were the diseases that spread throughout both the Union and Confederate ranks because of close quarters, over-crowding, malnutrition, lack of enough clean water and vitamin C. “Out of the 33,000 that were held here as POWs, nearly 2,700 died from dysentery, scurvy, and smallpox.”

One source stated; “In 1863, Pea Patch Island, a Union prison in the Delaware River, was packed with almost 13,000 Confederate prisoners (It had been designed to hold only 4,000). Disease and malnutrition killed nearly 2,700, and most of their bodies were then barged across the river and buried in trenches on an isolated patch of New Jersey. After the war the mass grave became a National Cemetery at the insistence of the governor of Virginia;(a former Confederate general).”

The remains of these 2,700 souls are buried in a mass grave in New Jersey, never to see their native states again. They are buried far from their families. It is called Finn’s Point National Cemetery. “In 1910, a towering, 85-foot-tall granite obelisk was erected to mark the mass grave, joining a smaller temple-like monument to the 135 Union guards who also died on the island. On the other side of the obelisk, marble tombstones mark the graves of thirteen German POWs who died during World War II at New Jersey’s Fort Dix.

During the Civil War, P.O.W.’s had no Geneva Convention rules for prisoners of war, so their treatment in captivity was up to their captors. After the Confederate Army put Union POWs on the front line ahead of their defending troops at Charleston, revenge was planned by Union authorities.

Six hundred Confederate POWs who were located at Fort Delaware, were taken down to Fort Pulaski in Georgia where they were badly treated and where some of them starved to death. This deadly treatment was the norm there until calmer minds were in control, and they began to feed them again; but not before some died from starvation.

A lot of folks in Delaware thought that the starvation orders were over the top and didn’t see this as humane treatment. At Fort Delaware, while the rations were cut in retaliation, the commander of Fort Delaware let the Confederate prisoners catch fish to supplement their diet.

Also, the kind folks in towns near Fort Delaware did send care packages to both the Union and Confederate solders; probably fresh fruit and vegetables, and other basic necessities. The scurvy deaths may have been higher if not for the generous care packages delivered.

After the last Confederate P.O.W. left Fort Delaware, a skeleton crew was left behind until 1870, when the fort was deserted for a time. In 1898, it was reactivated during the start of the Spanish American War. It was thought that the Spanish fleet was planning to attack the east coast area of America. So, outside the fort, engineers built more rapid-fire batteries that were completed after the war had ended.

Battery Allen was named for a calvary officer, Robert Allen who died at the Civil War Battle at Gaines Mill. Battery Alburtis honors William Alburtis; killed in the Mexican-American War, Battery Dodd honored honored Captain Albert Dodd who also died at Gaines Mill Battle. Battery Hentig honors Calvary Officer Edmond Hentig who died in AZ fighting Native Americans in 1881.

During the summer of 1898, artillery soldiers from the 4th U.S. Artillery and volunteers from Company 1 of the 14th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment were stationed at Fort Delaware, ready to defend against Spain if need be. Their names are carved into the brick walls inside the fort.

Again, a care-taking crew was left behind after the short-lived Spanish American War but not fully closed like before. Fort Delaware was still needed for defense. Fort Delaware and Fort Mott were serving as sub-posts during WW1, with the main defense site being Fort DuPont.

After WW1, the slow process of moth balling Fort Delaware began. Some guns were buried on the island, others went to other more modern forts, and some were sent elsewhere to become war memorials. Some of original cannons were left.

During WW2, more guns were taken to be used elsewhere. Battery Hentig still had its rapid-fire guns, and an artillery detachment from Delaware’s National Guard. However, these guns were taken in 1942 to Fort Mills, having Fort Delaware completely unarmed, unless you count the 8 inch Columbiad gun that still fires for visitors at the northwest Bastion.

Next to be taken away was the electrical wiring. Predictably, by the end of WW2, Fort Delaware was considered surplus property and sold back to the State of Delaware in 1947. In 1951, Fort Delaware State Park was created;including the entire Pea Pod Island. Delaware restored this faithful old lady, Fort Delaware; to be enjoyed by all and to remember the history of this fort.

In 1999, it was discovered that beach erosion was threatening the foundation of Fort Delaware. The Army Corp. of Engineers got to work and and built a 3,500 ft sea wall during the winter of 2005-2006. This wall not only protects Fort Delaware, but also a huge migratory bird rookery.

Fort Delaware State Park can be reached by the taking the Forts Ferry Crossing at Delaware City.

HISTORY OF MANIFESTATIONS

A lot of prisoners have been held here, including pirates, war privateers, political prisoners and Confederate soldiers. Most of the spirits seen here come from that time period. Pirates were held in punishing conditions as well as some unruly POWs. Health conditions, over crowding and poor food choices served in the Barracks caused weakened immune systems and vitamin deficiencies that led to the catching of preventable diseases as well as small pox.

Human bondage that includes cruel treatment often causes human pain and misery, violence, and death.

National Bird Aviary in Pittsburgh, PA (Spirits of POW’s who died in the prison that once stood here find some peace and joy looking at all the birds in this aviary).

Wyoming Territorial Prison, WY (Use of the inhumane Julien Gallows, deplorable conditions in the Dungeon House and Black Hole and the humiliating and terrorizing of the more milder inmates by the meaner inmates sometimes resulted in death).

Fort Pulaski, GA (Confederate soldiers held here were starved to death until a few saner folks stopped it).

Fort Delaware, DE (Prisoners who were held in the Fort Delaware Dungeon are still suffering there as spirits. Some spirits think that they are still incarcerated and want to be free).

Prisons and jails where inmates died often produce restless spirits that can’t let go of this world and enter the next for a variety of reasons.

Alcatraz, CA (Inmates who died here are sometimes afraid to go to the next world because of their track record in this world).

Mansfield Reformatory, OH (Inmates who died at the hands of others still think that they are still serving time).

St Augustine Jail, FL (An inmate who died by hanging for a crime he didn’t commit is afraid to go on to the spirit world because he wasn’t a choir boy).

Fort Delaware, DE (Prisoners who died of disease may still be here probably because they have unfinished business or can’t accept the way that they perished here).

People who enjoyed their jobs at a structure in this world, sometimes choose to still do so!

USS Hornet, CA (Spirits of Navy men still do their old assignments and have thought of new ones for themselves as well).

USS Livingston, TX (A spirit of a Navy man who was killed in a battle, still is keeping an eye on his engines as well as the pretty, living young women who visit).

Fort Delaware, DE (A spirit of a cook is still puttering around the fort’s kitchen area).

MANIFESTATIONS

Spirits from the Civil War Era still hang around and let the living know that they are still there.

Spirits in Dungeon

Auditory – People have heard moaning, and the sounds of clanging chains, from the prisoners held here long ago in unpleasant conditions.

Making Appearances: Many people have seen apparitions with all their parts throughout the dungeon area.

Shadows have also made themselves known. They have been known to dart down tunnels and doorways.

Tactile: Spirits have poked and pulled at the living to let them know that they are still there.

Residual Energy

Under the ramparts and the parade grounds, fleeing Confederate soldiers have been spotted by the living, perhaps an emotional imprint of a failed escape attempt.

There sounds of cannons and guns being fired are still heard by the living.

Spirits of Pirates

It seems that the spirits of pirates who were caught and imprisoned here are also hanging around the place.

A park ranger was quite surprised one day to see a pirate, dressed in a beautiful green silk shirt and white silk pants, looking out a window at the fort, wistfully yearning to be free; perhaps not knowing that he had died.

Kitchen Area

Apparently, an apparition of hard-working cook is still seen cooking and preparing meals here.
Foot steps of an unseen presence and the clanging of cooking utensils can probably be heard as well.

Spirits of Confederate Soldiers

Spirits of Confederate soldiers may still be residing in their old barracks or the land where the barracks once stood.

They may still think they are P.O.W.s and are patiently waiting for the war to be over, so they can go home to their loved ones; not wanting to accept their death here.

PARANORMAL FINDINGS

Docents, visitors and paranormal investigators have all had personal experiences with these spirits who are still here.

Ghost Hunters caught some hard evidence in the Fort Delaware Dungeon. One of the things they caught was the thermal image of a man who was peeking around the corner to look at them, curious to see what they were doing. Personal experiences were also reported.”One of the investigators claimed to have had his jacket pulled hard enough that he was also pulled backward.”

Diamond State Ghost Investigators have led many ghost tours with people who buy the tickets to come along on an investigation. The spirits like to participate, so everyone is happy!

My Theory: Though no one has reported on spirit activity of P.O.W.s who are still staying in the barracks, or their area of confinement, they probably are still there, or perhaps wander around the cliffs where they went fishing for food.

STILL HAUNTED?

A big Yes Indeed!

Spirits that are restless because of the way they died or that they died and were not ready to do so as they had unfinished business. Others who worked here while alive have returned to continue in their old jobs.

LOCATION

Fl 1, 1901 N Dupont Hwy
New Castle, Delaware 19720
(302) 834-7941

Ford Delaware is located on 178-acre Pea Patch Island, 15 miles south of Wilmington, near Delaware City, and close to the junction of U.S. Highway 301 and Highway 7.